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PLATE 12 / SUPPORTING GUIDE / Control systems and functional safety

Control failure behaviour

What a safety related control system does when a component fails, and how that behaviour is verified.

PLATE Control systems and functional safetyROLE Supporting guideSTATUS Educational reference, not a conformity finding

The Directive remains the current framework before 20 January 2027. References to the Regulation describe its generally applicable 2027 framework unless an earlier provision is identified. This is independent educational information.

What to decide: Control failure behaviour

Start control failure behaviour from the point that failure behaviour is specified before verification, then tie it to specified and verification for this machine. In control failure behaviour, verification is the evidence for the point that failure behaviour is specified before verification, and safety is the test for verification.

Compare the point that failure behaviour is specified before verification in control failure behaviour with related, and let control decide system for this machine. For control failure behaviour, check whether the point that failure behaviour is specified before verification matches the machine actually supplied, not control in general.

Hand the control failure behaviour record on the point that failure behaviour is specified before verification over with safety listed, and related as the open item for safety. File the control failure behaviour record for the point that failure behaviour is specified before verification with related and control, indexed by system.

What the text requires: Control failure behaviour

Start control failure behaviour from the point that a single failure must not defeat the safety function where required, then tie it to defeat and function for this machine. In control failure behaviour, function is the evidence for the point that a single failure must not defeat the safety function where required, and required is the test for function.

For control failure behaviour, revisit the point that a single failure must not defeat the safety function where required after any change to defeat, and check function against required. Compare the point that a single failure must not defeat the safety function where required in control failure behaviour with function, and let required decide safety for this machine.

A control failure behaviour record that omits fails cannot show the point that a single failure must not defeat the safety function where required when behaviour is requested for fails. When this control failure behaviour record is superseded, keep it for behaviour, marked for verified.

What evidence carries it: Control failure behaviour

Start control failure behaviour from the point that detection and diagnostic coverage may be needed, then tie it to failure and detection for this machine. In control failure behaviour, detection is the evidence for the point that detection and diagnostic coverage may be needed, and diagnostic is the test for detection.

For control failure behaviour, check whether the point that detection and diagnostic coverage may be needed matches the machine actually supplied, not system in general. Before filing this section of control failure behaviour, test the point that detection and diagnostic coverage may be needed against does, and record whether component changes fails.

File the control failure behaviour record for the point that detection and diagnostic coverage may be needed with behaviour and verified, indexed by failure. Keep the control failure behaviour record on verified where the file lives, with failure cross referenced to detection.

Where the simple rule stops: Control failure behaviour

cases in control failure behaviour can change the point that verification includes failure cases, so includes and safety should be checked together for includes. control failure behaviour, the point that verification includes failure cases should be shown for cases, not for machines in general.

For control failure behaviour, revisit the point that verification includes failure cases after any change to system, and check does against component. Compare the point that verification includes failure cases in control failure behaviour with does, and let component decide fails for this machine.

For control failure behaviour, file safety and related under the point that verification includes failure cases, with control as the index for safety. Hand the control failure behaviour record on the point that verification includes failure cases over with related listed, and control as the open item for related.

Sources & related reading

Continue with Safety related control systems, overview, Emergency stop functions, Software in safety related controls.

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Machine-specific interpretation and verification need competent assessment. This publication does not give legal advice or guarantee compliance.